← all cases

Compare AAPL and MSFT on free cash flow margin.

ok
clarity
5/5
comparison
5/5
evidence
4/5
honesty
5/5
faithfulness
5.0/5
elapsed
0.9s

Report

Profitability

Both Apple and Microsoft are highly profitable mega-cap franchises, but they differ in trajectory and margin structure. Apple generated FY2025 revenue of $416.2B [AAPL:Q3] and net income of $112.0B [AAPL:Q7], implying a net margin of roughly 26.9%, while Microsoft posted FY2025 revenue of $281.7B [MSFT:Q3] and net income of $101.8B [MSFT:Q7], implying a net margin of approximately 36.1%—meaningfully higher than Apple's. On gross profit, Apple reached $195.2B [AAPL:Q15] versus Microsoft's $193.9B [MSFT:Q15], nearly identical in absolute dollars despite Apple's much larger revenue base, reflecting Apple's lower gross margin (~47%) compared to Microsoft's (~69%). Operating income tells a similar story: Apple's $133.1B [AAPL:Q11] versus Microsoft's $128.5B [MSFT:Q11] are close in absolute terms, but Microsoft's operating margin (~45.6%) far exceeds Apple's (~32.0%).

On growth trajectory, Microsoft expanded revenue from $198.3B in FY2022 [MSFT:Q0] to $281.7B in FY2025 [MSFT:Q3], a ~42% increase driven by cloud and AI tailwinds, while Apple's revenue grew more modestly from $394.3B [AAPL:Q0] to $416.2B [AAPL:Q3], roughly 5.5% over the same span. Net income trends at both companies were less linear than headline figures suggest: Microsoft's net income was essentially flat between FY2022 and FY2023 ($72.7B [MSFT:Q4] to approximately $72.4B) before accelerating sharply into FY2025 [MSFT:Q7], a pattern that broadly mirrors Apple's own experience. Apple's net income declined for three consecutive years from FY2022 through FY2024—from approximately $99.8B down to $93.7B [AAPL:Q6]—before recovering to $112.0B [AAPL:Q7] in FY2025, a rebound that reflects a multi-year trough rather than a single down year. Overall, Microsoft leads on margin quality and growth rate, while Apple leads on absolute revenue scale.

AAPL: Apple is an exceptionally profitable business at scale, with FY2025 revenue of $416.2B [AAPL:Q3] and net income of $112.0B [AAPL:Q7]. That net income recovery is notable but follows a prolonged three-year decline from the FY2022 peak of ~$99.8B through the FY2024 low of $93.7B [AAPL:Q6]. Its gross margin of roughly 47% (gross profit $195.2B [AAPL:Q15]) and operating margin of ~32% reflect a hardware-heavy mix that structurally constrains margins relative to pure-software peers, and top-line growth has been modest over the past three fiscal years.

MSFT: Microsoft demonstrates superior margin quality and a faster growth trajectory, with FY2025 revenue expanding to $281.7B [MSFT:Q3] from $198.3B in FY2022 [MSFT:Q0] and net income reaching $101.8B [MSFT:Q7], implying a net margin of ~36%. Its gross profit of $193.9B [MSFT:Q15] on that revenue base reflects a gross margin of approximately 69%, and operating income of $128.5B [MSFT:Q11] yields an operating margin near 45.6%, both well above Apple's comparable figures. That said, Microsoft's net income path was not uniformly smooth—earnings were roughly flat in the FY2022–FY2023 period before accelerating sharply—so the margin advantage is real but the compounding trajectory is somewhat back-loaded.


Note: The question asked specifically about free cash flow margin; the available axis data covers income-statement profitability metrics. A direct free cash flow margin comparison would require cash flow statement data not reflected in the comparisons above.

Critic flags (2)

weakly_supportedprofitability
Microsoft's net income compounded from $72.7B to $101.8B with more consistency
MSFT net income was essentially flat-to-down FY2022→FY2023 ($72.738B→$72.361B), then jumped sharply in FY2024 and FY2025. This is not a smoothly compounding trajectory and mirrors Apple's pattern of a weak intermediate period followed by acceleration.
weakly_supportedprofitability
Apple's FY2025 net income of $112.0B rebounded strongly from the FY2024 trough of $93.7B
FY2024 was technically the lowest year shown, but AAPL net income had been declining for three consecutive years from FY2022 ($99.8B) through FY2024 ($93.7B). Framing FY2024 alone as a 'trough' understates the duration and magnitude of the prior decline, making the rebound appear more sudden than it was.

Cross-axis notes

Both companies experienced a weak intermediate year before a strong FY2025 rebound (MSFT net income flat FY2022→FY2023; AAPL net income declining FY2022→FY2024), yet the analysis frames Microsoft's trajectory as consistently compounding and Apple's as recovering from a trough — an asymmetric characterization not fully supported by the data.
Apple led Microsoft on absolute operating income as recently as FY2024 ($123.2B vs $109.4B); the FY2025 figures ($133.1B vs $128.5B) represent a convergence, not a long-standing near-parity, which adds nuance to the margin and growth trajectory discussion.

Citations (32)

quant AAPL FY2022
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $394.33B
quant AAPL FY2023
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $383.29B
quant AAPL FY2024
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $391.04B
quant AAPL FY2025
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $416.16B
quant AAPL FY2022
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $99.80B
quant AAPL FY2023
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $97.00B
quant AAPL FY2024
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $93.74B
quant AAPL FY2025
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $112.01B
quant AAPL FY2022
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $119.44B
quant AAPL FY2023
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $114.30B
quant AAPL FY2024
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $123.22B
quant AAPL FY2025
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $133.05B
quant AAPL FY2022
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $170.78B
quant AAPL FY2023
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $169.15B
quant AAPL FY2024
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $180.68B
quant AAPL FY2025
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $195.20B
quant MSFT FY2022
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $198.27B
quant MSFT FY2023
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $211.91B
quant MSFT FY2024
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $245.12B
quant MSFT FY2025
us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax = $281.72B
quant MSFT FY2022
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $72.74B
quant MSFT FY2023
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $72.36B
quant MSFT FY2024
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $88.14B
quant MSFT FY2025
us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss = $101.83B
quant MSFT FY2022
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $83.38B
quant MSFT FY2023
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $88.52B
quant MSFT FY2024
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $109.43B
quant MSFT FY2025
us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss = $128.53B
quant MSFT FY2022
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $135.62B
quant MSFT FY2023
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $146.05B
quant MSFT FY2024
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $171.01B
quant MSFT FY2025
us-gaap:GrossProfit = $193.89B